The precise control of singlet oxygen (1O2) generation is in great demand for biological studies and precision medicine. Here, a nanoarchitecture is designed and synthesized for generating 1O2 in a dual NIR light-programmable manner, while shifting to the therapeutic window. The nanoarchitecture is constructed by controlled synthesis of mesoporous silica-coated upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), wherein the porphyrin photosensitizers (PSs) are covalently embedded inside the silica walls while NIR (808 nm)-responsive diarylethene (DAE) photochromic switches are loaded in the nanopores. Upon irradiation with 980 nm NIR light, the UCNP core absorbs low energy photons and transfers energy to the PSs in the silica wall, leading to efficient 1O2 generation. Furthermore, this 980 nm NIR light photosensitized activity can be remotely controlled by irradiation with a distinct NIR wavelength (808 nm). The 1O2 generation is inhibited when the DAE installed in the nanopores is in the closed form, whereas irradiation of the nanoconstruct with 808 NIR light leads to the transformation of DAE to the open form, and thus enabling full recovery of the 980 nm NIR light excited 1O2 generation capability. The NIR light-mediated on-demand "activation" of the nanoarchitecture for bioimaging and controllable photodynamic therapy is further demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019.Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been recognized as one of the most important classes of porous materials due to their unique attributes and chemical versatility. Unfortunately, some MOFs suffer from the drawback of relatively poor stability, which would limit their practical applications. In the recent past, great efforts have been invested in developing strategies to improve the stability of MOFs. In general, stable MOFs possess potential toward a broader range of applications. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the design and synthesis of stable MOFs and MOF-based materials via de novo synthesis and/or post-synthetic structural processing. Also, the relationships between the stability and functional applications of MOFs are highlighted, and finally, the subsisting challenges and the directions that future research in this field may take have been indicated. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019.Background D-dimer has predictive value for mortality in some diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between D-dimer and mortality in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods We examined 10,724 consecutive patients who underwent PCI between January 2013 and December 2013. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality, and the secondary endpoint was cardiac mortality. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate-ammoniumammonium.html Patients were divided according to the median D-dimer level of 0.28?μg/ml. Multivariable model were including age, sex, and risk factors after stepwise selection. Results After a 2-year follow up, 8565 patients with D-dimer data were analyzed. There were 116 (1.35%) all-cause deaths and 64 (0.75%) cardiac deaths. D-dimer levels were significantly higher in the all-cause mortality group [0.42 (0.29, 0.68) μg/ml] and cardiac mortality group [0.48 (0.30, 0.81) μg/ml] than in the survival group [0.28 (0.20, 0.41) μg/ml] (both p? less then ?0.001). Multivariate-adjusted Cox hazard analysis showed that high D-dimer levels (?0.28?μg/ml) were significantly associated with all-cause mortality in the total population [hazard ratio (HR) 2.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.44-3.84, p?=?0.001], acute coronary syndrome (ACS) subgroup (HR 1.91, 95% CI 1.08-3.38, p?=?0.027), and stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) subgroup (HR 3.82, 95% CI 1.45-10.10, p?=?0.007). High D-dimer levels were significantly associated with cardiac mortality in the total population (HR 3.44, 95% CI 1.61-7.36, p?=?0.001) and the ACS subgroup (HR 3.33, 95% CI 1.38-8.03, p?=?0.007), but not in the SCAD subgroup (HR 3.68, 95% CI 0.80-16.91, p?=?0.094). Conclusions D-dimer levels are independently associated with 2-year all-cause mortality and cardiac mortality in patients undergoing PCI. © The Author(s), 2020.Background Joint bleeds are the hallmark of haemophilia, and can lead to disabling haemophilic arthropathy. Consequently, the movement behaviour of adults with haemophilia differs from that of healthy adults. It seems unlikely that a single outcome is able to reflect all relevant information regarding movement behaviour. The aim of the current study was to identify patterns of movement behaviour within persons with haemophilia (PWH) and compare clinical characteristics between patterns of movement behaviour. Methods A total of 105 PWH [70% severe haemophilia; median age 43?years (30.0-54.0)] were included in the study. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to identify patterns of movement behaviour. Clustering variables included seven parameters of movement behaviour sitting, standing, walking, biking, running, frequency of active bouts and length of active bouts. Clinical characteristics included age, severity of haemophilia, joint health, physical functioning and pain. Clinical characteristics were compared between identified clusters by Kruskall-Wallis test. Movement behaviour was assessed with the Activ8 accelerometer, joint health was assessed on the Haemophilia Joint Health Score, physical functioning on the Haemophilia Activity List and the 40?m self-paced walk test and pain on the Numerical Pain Rating Score. Results Cluster analysis identified three clusters, which were defined as 'sedentary' (57%), 'bikers and runners' (22%) and 'walkers' (20%). The 'bikers and runners' showed better joint health and experienced fewer limitations in activities than the 'walkers' and the 'sedentary'. The 'walkers' perceived fewer limitations in activities than the 'sedentary', with comparable joint health. We did not identify differences in pain, walking speed and age between the clusters. Conclusions We identified three patterns of movement behaviour. The majority of PWH was identified as sedentary, whereas less sitting and regular walking during the day seemed to be more beneficial. © The Author(s), 2020.